Economics for One

Energy companies can often make a great investment. So it’s worth taking a moment to understand how these companies operate.

The energy business (more specifically the oil industry) can be split into two main areas: Upstream and Downstream. The Upstream business acquires “crude” oil (the raw material removed from the ground), while the Downstream business takes the crude oil and “refines” it, turning it into a finished product that end users want to purchase, and sells it to them. Read more…

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The 2000 film Boiler Room depicts the seedy world of the “pump-and-dump” scam.  In it, a broker purchases a large block of public stock in a shell (i.e. empty) company.  The firm then calls potential clients to pitch them the same stock.  This drives up (“pumps”) the price, making it appear to be a runaway stock, thus attracting more buyers and driving the price higher.

When the price is high enough, the broker “dumps” their own shares at a huge profit and walks away.  The result is that the buyers are left holding stock in a worthless, basically non-existent company, which promptly falls back to zero, wiping out the investors.

Which brings us to Silicon Valley.  Over the past decade or so, Silicon Valley has morphed from a region that was the builder of great companies (Apple, HP, Intuit, Cisco, Oracle, etc), into perhaps the greatest generator of “pump and dump” stocks.

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In high school calculus I remember learning about an equation for a 3-dimensional shape whose walls stretch to infinite, but whose volume is limited. Imagine that! It’s like a flower vase that stretches from the earth to the moon, and off to the stars, but which only holds a cup of water.

It’s really neat in theory.  But it doesn’t hold up in the real world.

A lot of economic theories are like that.  They assume that the financial world is infinitely deep, and that their actions are just a tiny part of that. And they may even work—so long as most people don’t use them. Read more…

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This is an interesting time to be investing.

It reminds me of the early 1990’s.  A lot of uncertainty.  A lot of opportunity.  Prices fluctuating.  Irrationality in some areas, but not across the board, much like during the peak of the bubble from 1999 to 2000.

There are some great opportunities in equities right now.  Some long — some short.

I’ve been heavily weighted in energy stocks for the past 3 years, and it’s been a great ride.  But oil won’t go up forever.  The upstream oil producers have benefited from the high price of oil, and they will suffer when it goes down.  And down it will go; despite the claims of increasing demand in China and India, there really is no fundamental justification for the current high price of oil.  It’s a bubble, and it’s clear the large oil producers understand that.

Likewise the ongoing, slow-motion real estate collapse has created some impressive possibilities.  Who is going to buy up all that foreclosed real estate?  And what about the houses that are not in foreclosure?  They may be perfectly good homes, but they won’t be able to command their previous prices.  When prices get irrational–and they will!–gobble them up while you can!  Rent them out and hold onto them.

And watch out for the financial sector.  A lot of companies got caught up in the chase for a quick buck, and are over-dependent on the real estate market.  As that bubble collapses, it’s likely to have a devastating effect on some banks.  The only financials I’m holding onto are Goldman Sachs, Bank of America, and a small position in Schwab.  I also think Wells Fargo remains pretty good.  But these stocks need to be monitored closely, as they are decent issues sitting in the middle of a minefield.

I don’t tend to do a lot of short selling–but there may be some great short opportunities in the financial sector now.

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